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Date: Sun, 28 Nov 93 15:41:41 PST From: Info-Hams Mailing List and Newsgroup <info-hams@ucsd.edu> Errors-To: Info-Hams-Errors@UCSD.Edu Reply-To: Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu Precedence: Bulk Subject: Info-Hams Digest V93 #1398 To: Info-Hams Info-Hams Digest Sun, 28 Nov 93 Volume 93 : Issue 1398 Today's Topics: CONDO COMMUNICATOR #7 ARLP047 Propagation de KT7H Daily Summary of Solar Geophysical Activity for 25 November Heliax for sale! Mars Info wanted Talk America Radio Network The Year's closing- End of Cellular recept??? World and BARC reminder Send Replies or notes for publication to: <Info-Hams@UCSD.Edu> Send subscription requests to: <Info-Hams-REQUEST@UCSD.Edu> Problems you can't solve otherwise to brian@ucsd.edu. Archives of past issues of the Info-Hams Digest are available (by FTP only) from UCSD.Edu in directory "mailarchives/info-hams". We trust that readers are intelligent enough to realize that all text herein consists of personal comments and does not represent the official policies or positions of any party. Your mileage may vary. So there. ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: 28 Nov 93 17:51:12 GMT From: swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!asuvax!ncar!vexcel!copper!mercury.cair.du.edu!awinterb@network.ucsd.edu Subject: CONDO COMMUNICATOR #7 To: info-hams@ucsd.edu IMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM; :[210 012[: :[210Condo Communicator012[: :[210 012[: HMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM< Welcome to the seventh exciting, thrill-packed issue of Condo Communicator, a newsletter devoted to those amateurs who, for various reasons, must configure their stations to operate from restrictive areas such as condos, apartments, townhouses, neighborhoods with outdoor antenna restrictions, ships/boats, mobile homes, or wherever they fry their burgers and call QTH. TABLE OF CONTENTS Soapbox........................... Page 1 Station Descriptions.............. Page 2 AA0MS Bibliography...................... Page 2 N0OQS It's been a while since issue #6. I've been pretty busy with work, not to mention getting a new QRP transmitter working (mostly) and just plain operating on the air. And, uh, my dog ate the issue I was writing. Y-e-a-h, *that's* what happened. SOAPBOX You would think that the challenge in operating from restricted space would be in the HF part of the spectrum. After all, the antennas are large and you have to run a lot of power to be heard, right? Evidently, not so. From what we've seen in the first six issues of the newsletter, putting up an HF antenna in restricted space may involve some athletic ability, such as crawling around attics, but once there the antennas seem to radiate well enough. Even when running low power (under 50 watts) to minimize RF coupling into power lines or overpowering appliances, covert operators have been making themselves heard. Of course, these stories might have turned out differently if we hadn't been enjoying the benefits of the great solar cycle 22 as it peaked during 1990 through 1992. As Lew McCoy, W1ICP, is fond of saying, just get as much wire as possible as high and clear as possible to radiate a signal. But as we cruise deeper into a stagnant Sargasso Sea of solar inactivity, we may find that our modest crafts no longer will do the job for us (talk about stretching for a metaphor...whew). This is when covert ops either move someplace where they can erect larger antennas or they do as the radio pioneers did and relay their messages. Back then, they sent their messages in 30 to 100 mile hops by spark gap or CW. Nowadays, the covert operator can put up a tiny two-meter antenna and use an HT and a computer to connect to local, but well-equipped, packet gateways between the VHF and HF worlds. Some communities are lucky enough to have Page -1- satellite gateways, like N0NBH in Denver, CO, where hams can use low-end packet stations to communicate with satellite bulletin board stations. I think the most technical challenge facing the apartment or condo dweller isn't HF or even VHF communications: it's UHF. That 30- meter loop strung around the bedroom ceiling will radiate through plaster and wood. But wet shingles will seriously attenuate 70 cm or shorter wavelengths if you're shooting for a satellite. Besides, unwieldy, high-gain UHF antennas are much more difficult to install and operate in cramped quarters than a length of wire tacked up on walls. A typical OSCAR array looks like an anti- aircraft battery as it is rotated and tilted to track its targets: who has an attic big enough for that? So, we condo dwellers could rely on two meters for our connections to better equipped stations, which can then in turn allow us to connect to other stations. Or, perhaps we will use the microwave spectrum, connecting to better equipped stations with small dishes that can be mounted temporarily on the outside of our buildings or on portable masts we can quickly set up in other locations. Hopefully, people who do operate the UHF spectrum from portable or restricted quarters will contribute notes this coming year to the newsletter, as well as folks who have discovered various gateways in their communities. During the coming years, as the ionosphere becomes a poorer reflector of signals, it will be interesting to see what ingenious strategies covert operators come up with. STATION DESCRIPTION Only one station desription this issue. Doug Heacock, AA0MS, of Lawrence, KS: Until recently, I lived in a townhouse and couldn't put up a "real" antenna. I started with a random wire, strung from my basement operating position, up the basement stairs and around the corner and diagonally across my living room ceiling. I tuned it with an MFJ 949 tuner, and did okay with it for a while. Later I ran coax from the basement through a couple of closets (where the holes in the floors/celings would be hidden) and connected it to a 40-meter dipole wrapped around the ceiling perimeter of a second-floor bedroom. This worked quite well for me for a long time. I seldom ran more than 50 watts from my Drake TR3, and usually it was more like 10-35 watts. Never had any problems with RFI, though I mostly operated very late at night. BIBLIOGRAPHY Cleary, Jack, WN2Q. "Another Attic Antenna," The QRP Quarterly, July 1993, pp. 21-22 Jack describes an attic-mounted delta loop for low-angle radiation, one of the eight loops described by Doug DeMaw in Page -2- his W1FB's Antenna Notebook. Jack's loop is calculated for 14.060 Mhz with the loop formula: Length = 1005/F (Mhz). Jack had a real adventure installing the antenna in the attic of his small, one-story bungalow, including a surprise descent into a closet, much to the consternation of his XYL. Fun to read and great info. Belrose, Jack, VE2CV. "An Update on Compact Transmitting Loops," QST, November 1993, pp. 37-40. A great article that sums up the theoretical underpinnings of small transmitting loops and which also compares the performance of different types of loops. Some of the commercially available loops mentioned are the AMA series (a German brand: Abstimmbare Magnetische Antennen), the AEA Isoloop, and the MFJ Super High-Q. Loops, while not comparing favorably with dipoles on 75 and 40 meters, do compare well with mobile whips, for example. Generally, the larger the diameter of the loop and the diameter of the loop conductor, as well as the greater its height above ground, the better the low-angle radiation pattern given a horizontal orientation. How about from the balcony of a 20-story building? The article doesn't say. Okay folks, let's hear from you! Send your notes, ideas, station description, war stories, and so on to me at my packet address or: Internet: awinterb@du.edu US Snail: Art Winterbauer 10047 E. Mexico Ave. Denver, CO 80231 Also, listen for snippets of this newsletter on Hap Holly's (KC9RP) Radio Amateur Information Network (RAIN), heard on various nets or by direct dialup (708-299-INFO, no charge except for long- distance costs). 73,72. Art. N0OQS @ W0GVT.#NECO.CO.USA Page -3- -- Art Winterbauer N0OQS Internet: awinterb@du.edu OR awinterb@diana.cair.du.edu Packet: n0oqs @ w0ljf.#neco.co.usa ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 27 Nov 1993 14:12:39 -0700 From: swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!news.cyberstore.ca!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!unixg.ubc.ca!kakwa.ucs.ualberta.ca!alberta!adec23!ve6mgs!usenet@network.ucsd.edu Subject: ARLP047 Propagation de KT7H To: info-hams@ucsd.edu SB PROP @ ARL $ARLP047 ARLP047 Propagation de KT7H ZCZC AP09 QST de W1AW Propagation Forecast Bulletin 47 ARLP047 From Tad Cook, KT7H Seattle, WA November 24, 1993 To all radio amateurs The bulletin this week is being sent two days early because of the holiday. The solar numbers and averages below are for six days. Next week's bulletin will give those numbers for eight days. Solar flux was up about five points over the past week. The most disturbed day was Friday, November 19 at 0600z when the K index was six. Otherwise, geomagnetic indices have been stable, and solar activity has been low. Conditions should be stable for the CQ Worldwide CW DX Contest this weekend, and solar flux should be under 100. Disturbed conditions may return after the first of the month due to recurring coronal holes. Sunspot Numbers from November 18 through 23 were 56, 59, 58, 78, 75 and 69, with a mean of 65.8. 10.7 cm flux was 102.6, 101.1, 100.5, 97, 99.3, and 100.4, with a mean of 100.2 The path projection for this week is from Chicago to Greece. 80 meters should be open from 1930z to 0730z, with the best time from 2200z to 0530z. 40 meters looks good from 1700z to 1000z, with the best shot from 2130z to 0600z. 30 meters should be open most days from 0530z to 0730z, and every day from 1330z to 2300z. 20 meters looks good from 1400z to 1730z. 17 meters should be open from 1500z to 1630z. 15 meters may be open on a few days over the same period. 10 and 12 meters do not look promising over this path. NNNN /EX ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 25 Nov 1993 23:28:35 MST From: munnari.oz.au!spool.mu.edu!uwm.edu!math.ohio-state.edu!news.cyberstore.ca!nntp.cs.ubc.ca!alberta!ugc!nebulus!ve6mgs!usenet@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Daily Summary of Solar Geophysical Activity for 25 November To: info-hams@ucsd.edu /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ DAILY SUMMARY OF SOLAR GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY 25 NOVEMBER, 1993 /\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\ (Based In-Part On SESC Observational Data) SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL ACTIVITY INDICES FOR 25 NOVEMBER, 1993 ------------------------------------------------------------ !!BEGIN!! (1.0) S.T.D. Solar Geophysical Data Broadcast for DAY 329, 11/25/93 10.7 FLUX=097.2 90-AVG=094 SSN=061 BKI=1111 1112 BAI=003 BGND-XRAY=B1.9 FLU1=2.1E+06 FLU10=1.5E+04 PKI=2110 2223 PAI=006 BOU-DEV=008,008,006,006,005,008,007,016 DEV-AVG=008 NT SWF=00:000 XRAY-MAX= C5.7 @ 0622UT XRAY-MIN= B1.5 @ 2223UT XRAY-AVG= B4.8 NEUTN-MAX= +002% @ 1205UT NEUTN-MIN= -002% @ 2100UT NEUTN-AVG= -0.1% PCA-MAX= +0.2DB @ 1335UT PCA-MIN= -0.4DB @ 1400UT PCA-AVG= +0.1DB BOUTF-MAX=55366NT @ 1457UT BOUTF-MIN=55347NT @ 1926UT BOUTF-AVG=55358NT GOES7-MAX=P:+000NT@ 0000UT GOES7-MIN=N:+000NT@ 0000UT G7-AVG=+085,+000,+000 GOES6-MAX=P:+154NT@ 1711UT GOES6-MIN=N:-054NT@ 1001UT G6-AVG=+106,+016,-027 FLUXFCST=STD:090,088,088;SESC:090,088,088 BAI/PAI-FCST=005,005,007/010,010,010 KFCST=2233 3222 2233 3222 27DAY-AP=010,005 27DAY-KP=3322 3222 2121 2122 WARNINGS=*SWF ALERTS=**245STRM:0224-1501UTC !!END-DATA!! NOTE: The Effective Sunspot Number for 24 NOV 93 was 42.0. The Full Kp Indices for 24 NOV 93 are: 2- 2- 1- 1o 2- 1+ 2- 1o SYNOPSIS OF ACTIVITY -------------------- Solar activity was low with many C-class flares observed. The largest was a C5 at 25/0621Z that was optically uncorrelated. The likely source was Region 7620 (N05W25) that produced six other small C-class flares. Region 7620 ceased the growth exhibited on 24 Nov. Some mixed polarities remained in the center of the Region. The coronal hole that caused the geomagnetic storm on 04-07 Nov is again visible in the eastern hemisphere. It is as large as last rotation and similar in shape. Solar activity forecast: solar activity should continue at a generally low level. An isolated low M-class flare from Region 7620 is possible. The geomagnetic field remained quiet. Geophysical activity forecast: the geomagnetic field should be quiet to slightly unsettled for the duration of the forecast period. Event probabilities 26 nov-28 nov Class M 20/20/20 Class X 01/01/01 Proton 01/01/01 PCAF Green Geomagnetic activity probabilities 26 nov-28 nov A. Middle Latitudes Active 15/15/15 Minor Storm 01/01/01 Major-Severe Storm 01/01/01 B. High Latitudes Active 20/20/20 Minor Storm 01/01/01 Major-Severe Storm 01/01/01 HF propagation conditions continued normal over all regions. No changes are anticipated over the next 72 hours. The coronal hole-related disturbance noted above is not expected until about 01 or 02 December (with emphasis presently placed on 02 December). COPIES OF JOINT USAF/NOAA SESC SOLAR GEOPHYSICAL REPORTS ======================================================== REGIONS WITH SUNSPOTS. LOCATIONS VALID AT 25/2400Z NOVEMBER ----------------------------------------------------------- NMBR LOCATION LO AREA Z LL NN MAG TYPE 7620 N05W26 267 0230 ESI 12 033 BETA 7622 N13E21 220 0040 CSO 06 008 BETA 7621 S09W17 258 PLAGE REGIONS DUE TO RETURN 26 NOVEMBER TO 28 NOVEMBER NMBR LAT LO NONE LISTING OF SOLAR ENERGETIC EVENTS FOR 25 NOVEMBER, 1993 ------------------------------------------------------- BEGIN MAX END RGN LOC XRAY OP 245MHZ 10CM SWEEP NONE POSSIBLE CORONAL MASS EJECTION EVENTS FOR 25 NOVEMBER, 1993 ----------------------------------------------------------- BEGIN MAX END LOCATION TYPE SIZE DUR II IV NO EVENTS OBSERVED INFERRED CORONAL HOLES. LOCATIONS VALID AT 25/2400Z --------------------------------------------------- ISOLATED HOLES AND POLAR EXTENSIONS EAST SOUTH WEST NORTH CAR TYPE POL AREA OBSN 49 N35W63 N20W73 N22W83 N38W73 319 ISO POS 005 10830A 51 N60E87 S12E49 N10E32 N60E87 189 EXT POS 057 10830A SUMMARY OF FLARE EVENTS FOR THE PREVIOUS UTC DAY ------------------------------------------------ Date Begin Max End Xray Op Region Locn 2695 MHz 8800 MHz 15.4 GHz ------ ---- ---- ---- ---- -- ------ ------ --------- --------- --------- 24 Nov: 0105 0112 0121 B3.9 0443 0457 0505 B4.0 0600 0606 0610 B7.8 0626 0633 0649 B5.7 SF 7620 N04W02 B0747 U0753 A0809 SF 7620 N05W01 0940 0948 1001 B5.6 1156 1201 1205 B9.0 1313 1319 1321 B6.4 1341 1407 1433 C1.2 SF 7622 N12E36 1644 1648 1652 B4.9 1848 1854 1859 C1.0 SF 7618 N06W82 2005 2009 2013 B5.6 2050 2053 2100 SF 7622 N13E34 2203 2222 2232 C1.4 SF 7620 N04W11 2259 2301 2303 B7.3 2339 2343 2346 B8.4 SF 7620 N04W11 2357 0000 0005 SF 7620 N04W11 REGION FLARE STATISTICS FOR THE PREVIOUS UTC DAY ------------------------------------------------ C M X S 1 2 3 4 Total (%) -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- ------ Region 7618: 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 001 ( 5.9) Region 7620: 1 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 005 (29.4) Region 7622: 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 002 (11.8) Uncorrellated: 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 009 (52.9) Total Events: 017 optical and x-ray. EVENTS WITH SWEEPS AND/OR OPTICAL PHENOMENA FOR THE LAST UTC DAY ---------------------------------------------------------------- Date Begin Max End Xray Op Region Locn Sweeps/Optical Observations ------ ---- ---- ---- ---- -- ------ ------ --------------------------- 24 Nov: 0105 0112 0121 B3.9 III NOTES: All times are in Universal Time (UT). Characters preceding begin, max, and end times are defined as: B = Before, U = Uncertain, A = After. All times associated with x-ray flares (ex. flares which produce associated x-ray bursts) refer to the begin, max, and end times of the x-rays. Flares which are not associated with x-ray signatures use the optical observations to determine the begin, max, and end times. Acronyms used to identify sweeps and optical phenomena include: II = Type II Sweep Frequency Event III = Type III Sweep IV = Type IV Sweep V = Type V Sweep Continuum = Continuum Radio Event Loop = Loop Prominence System, Spray = Limb Spray, Surge = Bright Limb Surge, EPL = Eruptive Prominence on the Limb. ** End of Daily Report ** ------------------------------ Date: 28 Nov 1993 12:01:04 -0500 From: swrinde!sdd.hp.com!nigel.msen.com!caen!destroyer!news1.oakland.edu!w8hd!w8hd!not-for-mail@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Heliax for sale! To: info-hams@ucsd.edu For sale: A *great deal* of Andrew Heliax (tm) and Cablewave Flexwell (virtually identical) cable. I have 1/2", 7/8", 1-1/4", 1-5/8", 3" and 5" available. Connectors (new and used) available as well. Numerous short (30-50') lengths, plenty of longer lengths as well. Cable is mostly new, typically end tails. Used sections available. If your'e interested, e-mail with your requested size, length, and condition (new, used, etc) and I will quote you a price. Shipped via UPS from southeastern Michigan. -- kenh@w8hd.org Ken Hoehn - Teletech, Inc. Compuserve: 70007,2374 N8NYO P.O.Box 924 FAX: (313) 562-8612 Dearborn, MI 48121 VOICE: (313) 562-6873 ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 28 Nov 1993 20:13:54 GMT From: swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!usenet.ins.cwru.edu!nshore!fmsystm.telemax.com!andrews@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Mars Info wanted To: info-hams@ucsd.edu In article <pschleck.754504454@cwis> elmers-request@unomaha.edu writes: >In <754312613.AA02822@tdkt.kksys.com> Robert.Edward@f100.n282.z1.tdkt.kksys.com (Robert Edward) writes: >>I'm looking for information about joining any of the MARS programs. Can >>anyone help me with the addresses of contact people? >> >>Thanks, >>Bobby Edward WB5MJK >> >> * Origin: HAM>link< RBBS 612/HAM-0000 Saint Paul, MN [K0TG] (1:282/100) > >The Amateur Radio Elmers Resource Directory (published here once a >month) is an excellent list of contacts for many facets of amateur radio >(including MARS). There are at least a half-dozen MARS Elmers on the >list. In case the list has expires at your site, send E-mail to >elmers-request@unomaha.edu, or finger pschleck@unomaha.edu. > (Hearing my cue to enter... hi hi) If your interested in Army MARS, e-mail me. If your interested in Air Force or Navy MARS, e-mail me and I will send you a list of those members which I have compiled. Try to decide, then let me know. So long for now... -- Tell Me Something I Don't Know, ! HAM = N8OFS Show Me Something I Can Use, ! ARMY MARS = AAN5HJT Push The Buttons, ! CB = THE NEON KNIGHT Connect The God-Damn Dots!!! - Ministry ! HACKER = TH3 N30N KN16Ht ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 28 Nov 1993 20:10:43 GMT From: swrinde!sgiblab!spool.mu.edu!bloom-beacon.mit.edu!noc.near.net!lynx!chaos.dac!wy1z@network.ucsd.edu Subject: Talk America Radio Network To: info-hams@ucsd.edu I would like to compile a listing of broadcast stations across the country which carry the Talk America Radio Network. This network carries the following shows (that I know of): Computer Exchange, 1700 - 1900 UTC (12pm - 2pm EST) Modem Mania, 1900 - 2000 UTC (2pm - 3pm EST) A Ham Radio Talkshow (I forget the name), 2300 - 2400 UTC (6pm - 7pm EST) The local affiliate of Talk America in the Greater Boston area is: 1510 AM, WSSH I'll post a summary if I receive enough responses. Speaking of WSSH, has anyone in the Boston area had any intermittent reception problems during any of the above mentioned shows (like their transmitter loses power for a period of time), or is it just me? Thanks much! 73, Scott -- =============================================================================== | Scott Ehrlich Internet: wy1z@neu.edu | | Amateur Radio: wy1z AX.25: wy1z@n0ary.#nocal.ca.usa.na | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Maintainer of the Boston Amateur Radio Club hamradio FTP area on | | the World - world.std.com /pub/hamradio | =============================================================================== ------------------------------ Date: 26 Nov 1993 02:10:19 GMT From: ucsnews!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!howland.reston.ans.net!vixen.cso.uiuc.edu!ux4.cso.uiuc.edu!ahall@network.ucsd.edu Subject: The Year's closing- End of Cellular recept??? To: info-hams@ucsd.edu Hello everyon, I was wondering if I better get my hands on some rigs that are capable of the extended recieve before they are banned for sale in the US. (does this include the W2A, the 530, and the other ham radios???) I really wanted to know because I have my eyes on the 530 and its nice little lapel mic, and I was wondering if it won't be availiable when the new cellular stuff happens (seeing as how these are relatively easily modable). Any ideas/comments?? 73 Allen Hall n9rzc@uiuc.edu ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 26 Nov 1993 02:01:45 GMT From: usenet.coe.montana.edu!grapevine.lcs.mit.edu!lynx!chaos.dac!wy1z@decwrl.dec.com Subject: World and BARC reminder To: info-hams@ucsd.edu First, a reminder to all who have FTP capability that the ARRL's infoserver files are FTPable on world.std.com in /pub/hamradio/arrl/Server-files. On another note, the World (world.std.com) now has Gopher capability, so you can also view any of the ARRL documents via Gopher (gopher world.std.com). At the same time, feel free to browse the other areas, too, under pub/hamradio. For anyone who has any ham radio related files to offer, please feel free to place them into /pub/hamradio/Incoming and please don't forget to also send me e-mail letting me know that you have placed something there, along with a brief description of what the file does, and where you think it should be placed (even if it is obvious). The FTP area is made available by Software Tool and Die, which runs and supports the World public access Internet system. The Boston Amateur Radio Club, Boston, MA, supports the /pub/hamradio section. Please feel free, too, to send any comments regarding the Boston Amateur Radio Club's FTP area to me. 73 to all, Scott -- =============================================================================== | Scott Ehrlich Internet: wy1z@neu.edu | | Amateur Radio: wy1z AX.25: wy1z@n0ary.#nocal.ca.usa.na | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| | Maintainer of the Boston Amateur Radio Club hamradio FTP area on | | the World - world.std.com /pub/hamradio | =============================================================================== ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 28 Nov 1993 21:12:19 GMT From: swrinde!cs.utexas.edu!utnut!torn!nott!cunews!freenet.carleton.ca!Freenet.carleton.ca!aj467@network.ucsd.edu To: info-hams@ucsd.edu References <CH61HE.BF7@news.Hawaii.Edu>, <1993Nov23.194146.9573@es.dupont.com>, <1993Nov24.00 Reply-To : aj467@Freenet.carleton.ca (Bill Macpherson) Subject : Re: Miss Manners in the Novice Sub-bands? G's silliness. In a previous article, collinst@esvx19.es.dupont.com (Thomas Collins WI3P) says: >In article <CH68H2.1zy@freenet.carleton.ca>, aj467@Freenet.carleton.ca (Bill Macpherson) writes: >> >>Since language inherently includes Spelling, and Grammar. > ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ > Do we therfore just throw out all the cultures > who never have had a written language? I don't > think so. No, but let's let those who speak morse, speak morse, of course, of course. And the name of that Horse of course of course, is the wonderful Mr ED. -- Bill VE3NJW Advanced Amateur Packet Address : VE3NJW@VE3KYT.#EON.ON.CAN Freenet Address: aj467@Freenet.Carleton.ca ------------------------------ End of Info-Hams Digest V93 #1398 ****************************** ******************************